Hiv-1 infection and highly active anti-retroviral therapy effect on lipid metabolism in ghanaian patients
Author(s): Tagoe E. A.*, Osei J. K., Asare G., Otu-Nyarko S., Asare-Anane H
Abstract
To investigate the impact of HIV-1 infection and highly active anti-retroviral therapy on lipid metabolism in Ghanaian patients. A total of 60 HIV-1-infected patients on highly active anti-retroviral therapy and 18 HIV-naïve were age-matched with 45 sero-negative normal healthy volunteers. Participants demographic and clinical data were obtained from medical records and well-structured questionnaire after consented. Healthy individuals with lipid disorder were excluded from the study. Serum lipids were determined following standard protocols. The study was approved by the University of Ghana, School of Allied Health Sciences, Ethical and Protocol Review Committee. Most frequent combined therapy used was nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Married individuals (61.7%) were almost as twice as the singles receiving treatment. Body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, diastolic and systolic blood pressures were significantly raised in patients on highly active anti-retroviral therapy than naïve and healthy volunteers. Total cholesterol and TG were significantly elevated in patients on highly active anti-retroviral therapy treatments than naïve group and volunteers (p < 0.001). Patients on treatment and naïve group showed significantly raised LDL-C and VLDL-C with increased cardiovascular risk index than NHV (p < 0.01). High density lipoprotein level decreased in the patient on HAART and naïve group than the volunteers (p < 0.05). Serum lipids were elevated in HIV-1 infected individuals but more pronounced in patients receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy and may suggest an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in the patients.
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