DNA FINGERPRINTING OF DIFFERENT BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES OBTAINED FROM CRIME SCENE USING AMELOGENIN GENE AMPLIFICATION BY PCR, VNTR AND RFLP ANALYSIS

Author(s): Ahmad Fazilat and Sudhakara Rao Pola

Abstract

DNA is the material within every cell of the body and represents the blueprint of life. Although the majority of the human genome (the complete set of genes for an individual) is the same across all ethnic populations, people differ in their genetic makeup by a minuscule amount, and thus have their own unique DNA pattern. In forensic science, DNA profiling is used to identify those who have committed a crime and used to find suspects involved in crimes of unsolved cases. Here in our study we have done Amelogenin gene amplification by PCR to gender identity in DNA typing. The polymerase chain reaction, a technique that can amplify large amounts of specific small sequences of DNA from the human genome. Additionally, in VNTR analysis, genomic DNA is digested with restriction enzymes and then run on a gel. The fragments produced are transferred to a membrane and probed with a radiolabeled sequence of DNA that matches the VNTR sequence. The migration of the VNTR fragment on the gel determines their size and generates a pattern. The radiolabeled probe produces dark bands on x-ray film. This analysis has been done for different biological samples like buccal cells, blood, nail, hair and was compared using PCR, RFLP and VNTR.

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