Correlation of serum sialic acid with glycemic status in diabetic nephropathy

Author(s): Divija D. A.*, Rajeshwari A., Aliya Nusrath

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem, the prevalence of which is rising continuously in both developed and developing countries. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder that leads to severe cardiovascular, renal, neurologic and retinal complications. Diabetic nephropathy is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease requiring dialysis. In diabetes mellitus, acute phase reactants are considered as the indicators of microvascular angiopathy. Serum sialic acid, an acute phase reactant found to be increased in various conditions likes diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, cancer etc. Screening for the earliest stages of renal damage and aggressive control of blood glucose and blood pressure can help prevent more severe renal involvement. Hence the study was conducted to evaluate serum sialic acid and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and to assess the correlation of serum sialic acid with glycemic control in diabetic nephropathy patients. In the present study 100 participants were involved of which 50 were diagnosed to have diabetic nephropathy and 50 were age and sex matched healthy controls. Blood samples were analyzed to estimate fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), blood urea, serum creatinine, serum sialic acid and glycated hemoglobin levels and blood pressure (both systolic and diastolic) was recorded in both cases and controls. Statistical analysis was done using Student’t’ test (two tailed, independent) to find the significance of study parameters on continuous scale between two groups (Inter group analysis) on metric parameters. Pearson correlation was performed to establish the relationship between the study variables. In diabetic nephropathy patients statistically significant increase in levels of FBS, PPBS, blood urea, serum creatinine, serum sialic acid, HbA1c, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was observed when compared to controls (p<0.001). A positive correlation was found between glycemic status and serum sialic acid levels in diabetic nephropathy patients.

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