Chromosomal diversity among different ecotypes of Acorus calamus l. Reported from Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

Author(s): Kamini Kumar, Madhumita Singh*

Abstract

The chromosomal diversity was studied among ten ecotypes of the medicinally important genus Acorus Calamus L. from Jharkhand, India and their chromosome counts have been reported for the first time. The chromosome number and size are discussed in finding and phylogeny, evolution and interrelationship of taxa. The ten ecotypes of Acorus calamus reveal differences in chromosome number i.e. 2n = 14, 18, 21, 27 with diploid, triploid and tetraploid status. Detailed chromosome analysis of the ecotypes reveals heterogeneity in size, form and number of chromosomes between dissimilar ploidy level cytotypes. This is suggestive of the incidence of alteration in chromosome structure. The aberration coupled with ploidy appears to have played a major role in evolution among these ecotypes. The occurrence of chromosomal variations generates flexible variations among the ecotypes which are sustained through vegetative propagation. The karyomorphological studies provide a insight into role of chromosomal and genomic versatility in diversification of the species.

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