Adenosine deaminase activity in metabolically healthy obese and metabolically un healthy obese individuals in relation to metabolic syndrome.

Author(s): Pandit Vinodh B*, Havilah P., Durga Prasad K.

Abstract

Obesity is a major worldwide health problem leading to markedly increased mortality and serious morbidity. Literature demonstrates high Adenosine deaminase activity in overweight and obesity than non-obese individuals. It was known that obesity is not a homogenous but it was heterogeneous like metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUHO). Accordingly we have undertaken a preliminary comparative study to estimate the adenosine deaminase activity in metabolically healthy and unhealthy subjects and its clinical significance in predicting the pathogenesis of obesity at an early stage. A group of 47 adult obese subjects having increased waist circumference [males >90cm, females >80cm] were selected. A group of 40 age and sex matched healthy individuals were served as controls. Serum Adenosine deaminase activity and parameters of modified NECP APT III criteria of metabolic syndrome were performed in all the subjects. Based on the metabolic syndrome risk factors the obese subjects were grouped into metabolically healthy and metabolically unhealthy subjects. Waist circumference was taken as common metabolic risk factors in both the groups. Comparison of metabolically healthy vs. unhealthy, control vs. metabolically healthy and metabolically healthy vs. control was done. Finally Pearson’s correlation of number of metabolic syndrome risk factors and adenosine deaminase activity was done. All metabolic syndrome parameters were significantly elevated in obese individuals. The mean ADA in obese (35.93±17.76) was significantly elevated than controls (19.98±3.41). In metabolically healthy subjects the mean ADA was found to be 17.82±5.22 whereas it was 46.2±13.70 in metabolically unhealthy obese subjects. Pearson’s correlation of number of metabolic syndrome risk factors against adenosine deaminase showed positive correlation and it was statistically significant (r=0.6524 p=0.0001). Elevated adenosine deaminase activity in metabolically healthy obese individuals may predict immunopathological transition of healthy obese to metabolically unhealthy.

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